Endocrine Abstracts

Background: Radioiodine is an effective treatment for Graves’ hyperthyroidism. In most cases this therapy renders the patient completely hypothyroid. As a consequence they will require lifelong thyroid replacement therapy. Now it is controversial whether radioiodine should be given in a sufficient dose to induce hypothyroidism or a lower dose in an attempt to achieve a euthyroid state. Case Report: A 71-year-old woman with a 30 years history of Grav...

Steroid-dependent individuals, in particular those with primary adrenal insufficiency, are a vulnerable patient group. They are prone to acute adrenal crisis which is a life-threatening medical emergency requiring immediate recognition and treatment. Among individuals with primary adrenal insufficiency, acute adrenal crisis has a frequency of 6–8 per 100 patient-years. Unfortunately, delays in diagnosis and management are common, constituting an avoidable source of patien...

Incidentally discovered adrenal nodules are an increasingly common reason for referral into the endocrine clinic. Assessment includes a hormonal work-up to look for endocrine function, and reviewing the size and radiological characteristics of the lesion. Some nodules have benign radiological features (less than 10 HU on an unenhanced CT scan), whilst others are radiologically indeterminate (more than 10 HU). We worry about missing a malignant process. The research data and in...

Steroid-dependent individuals, in particular those with primary adrenal insufficiency, are a vulnerable patient group. They are prone to acute adrenal crisis which is a life-threatening medical emergency requiring immediate recognition and treatment. Among individuals with primary adrenal insufficiency, acute adrenal crisis has a frequency of 6–8 per 100 patient-years. Unfortunately, delays in diagnosis and management are common, constituting an avoidable source of patien...

Incidentally discovered adrenal nodules are an increasingly common reason for referral into the endocrine clinic. Assessment includes a hormonal work-up to look for endocrine function, and reviewing the size and radiological characteristics of the lesion. Some nodules have benign radiological features (less than 10 HU on an unenhanced CT scan), whilst others are radiologically indeterminate (more than 10 HU). We worry about missing a malignant process. The research data and in...

Presenting the complex journey of a 36 year old lady who following over 2 years of symptoms was found to have raised IGF1 and prolactin. She had microscopic transsphenoidal resection of pituitary adenoma. This was followed by different medical therapies and Gamma knife radiotherapy. She was also referred to many other specialists for Acromegaly related conditions and surveillance. The pathway to diagnosis can be full of barriers and may take many years for a patient to travel ...

‘Functional’ hypothalamic amenorrhoea (FHA) is a common cause of secondary amenorrhoea. A focused history should include a full menstrual history (including hormonal contraception); diet, weight and exercise (including any eating disorder); any significant stressors; the woman’s current situation in relation to contraception and fertility plans; a personal or family history of a lack of sense of smell (suggesting Kallmann syndrome); and any family history of del...

Gonadotropin releasing hormone neurons are a small group of scattered hypothalamic neuroendocrine cells that control reproductive functions in all mammals and many vertebrates.Despite their position in the adult hypothalamus, during development they originate in the nasal placode and migrate along the vomeronasal nerve to reach the forebrain and attain their final position in the hypothalamus. Failure of GnRH neurons to migrate lead to Kallmann Syndrome,...

Prolactinomas are the most common hormone-secreting pituitary tumors. They have good response for conservative treatment. In the time of diagnosis large pituitary tumors unrarely can cause hypopituitarism. We have two cases of partially or totally recovery of hypopituitarism in consequence of effective dopamine agonists use. The 24-years man with large prolactinoma (prolactin 52 times higher) and laboratory markers of panhypopituitarism had total recovery in 1 year of cabergol...

Introduction: Prolactinomas are the most common tumors among hormonally active pituitary adenomas. Therapy with dopamine agonists (DA) remains the first treatment choice. However there remain definite numbers of prolactinomas resistant to standard DA therapy. The underlying mechanisms of this phenomenon, management and prognosis are still poorly understood. The search of treatment options for overcoming DA-resistance is an important object in practical endocrinology. We presen...